Pile Jacking

Pile jacking is a method for driving piles into cohesive soils using an hydraulic jack with an adjustable rate of penetration.

Studies have demonstrated that during pile jacking, pore water pressure changes simultaneously at various depths within the silt layer. Furthermore, any excess pressure at the pile-soil interface tends to dissipate over time.

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Pile jacking causes soil pressure changes around piles, which disturbs and compromises their strength. Therefore, after pile jacking the soil should be consolidated to restore strength and bearing capacity – drainage can help speed this up while rigid-drainage piles provide more effective results since they feature drainage channels in liquefiable soil layers with higher concentrations of excess pore water.

Experimental data indicate that as sinking depth increases for jacked piles in an indoor model test, their pile axial force decreases as sinking depth does. This indicates that end bearings have the greatest influence over pile axial force while shearing resistance is driven primarily by friction at their sides.

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Pile jacking involves driving small diameter steel pipes with hydraulic jacks into position at bearing depth, where their bearing surface meets that of a supporting structure. As each driven pipe advances towards bearing depth, its penetration resistance force is measured and related directly to its capacity as measured by pile jacking capacity measurements.

Pile jacking produces both soil-squeezing and soil-plugging effects simultaneously, producing distinct characteristics of penetration mechanisms for piles that makes pile jacking such a unique process.

Under photoelectric integrated testing technology, temperature self-compensated fiber Bragg grating (FBG) earth pressure sensors were embedded into model piles to monitor changes in earth and pore water pressure at the pile-soil interface and detect changes. By analyzing recorded data, distribution rules for end bearing resistance could be identified and optimized.

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Pile jacking is an innovative method of installing pre-formed piles by employing hydraulic rams to push them into the ground. It has become an increasingly popular approach in foundation engineering due to its lower construction costs and less noise during installation, though its short-term axial force resistance requires reliable testing methods for accurate prediction.

Piezoresistive pore water pressure sensors have long been utilized as field tests tools for measuring the distribution and analysis of soil-structure interactions during pile construction, but in the case of jacked piles they present many unique challenges.

In this study, a field test is performed by implanting a micro-silicon piezoresistive pore water pressure sensor onto a small diameter jacked pile surface and studying how excess pore water pressure changes at its interface with soil; results show that its distribution law holds great guidance value when building pile foundations.

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Pilings are essential foundation components, playing an integral part in construction projects. Piles provide additional bearing capacity and stability. Furthermore, pile jacking offers an efficient installation method with minimal vibration or pollution emissions allowing for faster installations processes.

Only few studies have examined the penetration process and bearing capacity mechanism of small-diameter jacked piles with regard to soil plugging effect and bearing capacity mechanism in great detail. This paper utilizes discrete element modeling for this analysis, revealing patterns of change for soil plug thickness and resistance as a result of change of soil plug thickness and resistance over time – this can serve as a reference in engineering construction and design as well as confirm that radial stress increases nonlinearly alongside depth then converges on passive earth pressure due to continuous disturbance of soil around piles and compaction of soil surrounding piles.

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Though the pile driving wave equation provides accurate prediction of pile capacity and resistance, its performance during installation remains difficult to compare to actual performance. Pile installation instrumentation was developed for this verification with indoor tests using model pile surface groove encapsulation with micro silicon piezoresistive earth pressure and pore water pressure sensors and temperature self-compensating miniature FBG strain sensors placed close to the pile-soil interface in order to test changes directly on its load bearing capacity.